The document by federal judge Roger Raupp Rios aims to reflect on sexual rights based on the Brazilian legal debate. Its purpose is to contribute to the advancement of the legal debate about sexuality from the perspective of human rights. The document is divided into four parts: the first deals with sexual and reproductive rights; in the second, the author presents the basic elements for the development of these rights, based on the principles of freedom, equality and dignity; the third part presents objections to the democratic rights of sexuality – the majority, moralist and biomedical arguments; finally, Raupp exposes some sensitive themes in the right to sexuality, such as prostitution and pornography.